It means that when a person is labeled by a word name, he will manage his own impression and make his behavior consistent with the content of the label. This phenomenon is caused by the back of the label.
Psychologist Kraut once did such an experiment: He asked a group of participants to make donations to charity, and then according to whether they had donated, they were called "charitable people" and "uncharitable people." Correspondingly, some participants in the experiment were not drawn to such a conclusion. After some time, when these people were asked to make donations again, it was found that those who had donated money for the first time and were said to be "charitable people" had donated more money than those who had not been drawn to a conclusion. For the first time, they were said to be "uncharitable people" and donated less than those who have not been drawn to a conclusion.
A person is drawn to a certain conclusion by others, just as a product is labeled with a certain kind. The above experiment shows that when a person is labeled with a word name, he will manage his own impressions so that his behavior is consistent with the content of the label. This phenomenon is caused by the labeling, so it is called the "label effect".
Inferring from this, when a child is always described as a stupid child by his parents, he will definitely doubt his own ability and lose confidence in himself; when an employee is considered by the boss to be incapable in certain aspects, he will definitely Doubts about his own ability in this area, and then lose confidence in himself, even if he has this ability, he will not show it anymore. The employee will think that "the boss already thinks that his ability is not good, what else can he do?"
After all, employees are not their own children, so managers will not show too much dissatisfaction like their parents. But in fact, your attitude towards a person is not necessarily fully expressed through words. When you have a negative attitude towards a person, even if you don’t say a word, your attitude towards this person is undoubtedly revealed in your behavior. A look and action will show that kind of disapproval, and these non-verbal signals are enough to label employees.
Some managers will say: "The employee is neither a child nor stupid. If you call him stupid, he really thinks he is stupid. If I call him stupid, he really feels that he has no future. ', I just want to make him better." This view seems to have some truth, because some psychologists have found in research that in the "label effect", if the label is not positive or positive , Then the labelled person may also act in the opposite direction to the labelled content because it feels unfair, that is to say, this kind of "excitation method" is sometimes feasible. However, at the same time, we should also be clear that if we want to put negative and negative labels to produce a positive effect, two conditions are required: first, the labelled person can understand whether the label is objective and fair; second, the labelled The independence of the person should be stronger.
If you are a leader, can you reflect on your attitude towards your subordinates? Those subordinates have been labeled bad by you. Is their behavior in your eyes really as you expected? In order to better avoid the undesirable consequences of this wrong behavior or concept, it is recommended that we should pay more attention to the extent to which the employees complete the target tasks at work, instead of focusing on the shortcomings of the employees. Because everyone has shortcomings, this is an impossible or difficult fact to change. What you have to do is to let them use their strengths and avoid weaknesses in the work.
Most students have encountered failures and setbacks in their studies, and these experiences will have varying degrees of impact on their self-confidence. After several failures, some students label themselves negatively, thinking that they are like this. If they encounter setbacks in the future, they will take failure for granted; even if they encounter success, it is difficult for them to take this opportunity to improve their self-confidence.
How can we use the "label effect" to increase our self-confidence? An effective method is to implement active self-suggestion training. To implement active self-suggestion, in addition to formulating practical and decomposable learning goals and actionable learning plans, the following links should not be ignored
Set hints by stage
Before implementing self-suggestion, you must set up positive cue language according to your own situation. These hints are nothing more than words to encourage yourself, such as "I will do it!", "I can do better!", etc., but you should pay attention to formulating them according to your own circumstances. If several disciplines are relatively weak, it is necessary to follow the easy first and then the difficult. Compared with Chinese and mathematics, if mathematics is more difficult to overcome, you can start with Chinese and imply that "I can definitely improve the level of composition" etc.; if you are just learning self-suggestion training, you can set your goals lower, such as "I'm very happy, I can remember 8 English words today." Gradually improve in the future, self-confidence will also increase. After a period of suggestion training, when you find that your self-confidence has improved, and you are full and happy every day, you should consider resetting your self-suggestion. The hints at this stage do not have to be so specific, but you must put forward higher requirements based on your current situation. After the hints are set up, you should memorize them skillfully and keep them in mind.
Implement active self-suggestion
When the hints are set up, we should start preparing for implementation. Get up in the morning, you stand in front of the mirror full of energy, look at yourself in the mirror, and feel your own state. If you feel that you are not very awake, you can first imply that “I feel very energetic, full, and in good condition!” Then, look at yourself in the mirror for a while and imagine that the exhilarating feeling emanates from the inside out. I felt the diffused breath.
Next, with some body language (you can clench your fists, wave twice, and feel your own strength), speak out the words that you think of in advance to encourage yourself, and your voice is louder than ever. Every time you say it, you will feel more confident and full of confidence and strength in your heart. After saying this several times, you will feel refreshed, relaxed, and energetic. You can say it 3-5 times a day.
When you first start training, you need your will to control it. Once you develop a behavioral habit, you will naturally do this every morning when you get up. Your daily confidence will naturally remain very sufficient, and gradually you will become a confident and upward person.
Incorporate suggestion into study life
The self-suggestion in front of the mirror in the morning is just the beginning. If you don’t combine positive self-suggestion with daily study and life, it may just be the moon and flowers in the mirror. Therefore, it is very important to learn to amplify your own feelings of success and let your positive self-suggestion be implemented.
Some students have inappropriate self-evaluation methods and are accustomed to relying on the next exam to prove the effect of their hard work during this period of time. If you do well in the exam, you think you have worked hard and succeeded during this time; if you don't do well in the exam, you will completely deny your recent efforts.
The above approach is actually not advisable. Learning is a process, and any result is just a point in the process. To negate most of them because of one point is a narrow way of evaluation. If we can consciously accumulate the feeling of success and confidence from our usual learning, we will keep ourselves in a desire and fulfilling mood, instead of feeling that learning is so boring and unbearable.
Dr. Rosenhann, a professor in the Department of Psychology at Stanford University, conducted the famous Rosenhann experiment (later also known as the "fake patient experiment") in 1972. Dr. Rosenhanen recruited 8 people (three women and five men) to act as fake patients. They were a graduate student in their twenties, three psychologists, a pediatrician, a psychiatrist, and one Painter, a housewife. All the fake patients told the doctors in the psychiatric hospital that they had serious hearing voices. But apart from this symptom, all their words and deeds are completely normal, and the information they give to the patient is true (except for their name and occupation). As a result, 7 out of 8 of them were diagnosed with manic depression. After being imprisoned in a psychiatric hospital, all the behaviors of the eight fake patients were normal, no auditory hallucinations, and no other psychopathological symptoms, but none of the fake patients were detected by any medical staff. When fake patients asked to be discharged from the hospital, because they had been labeled as "psychiatric", medical staff believed that these patients "delusions" intensified. The medical staff of the psychiatric hospital even invented some new psychiatric terms to describe the serious "conditions" of these fake patients: chatting with fake patients is regarded as "conversation behavior", and they even think that fake patients taking notes are a kind of The new development of mental illness, so that "taking notes" is regarded by nurses as the patient's condition and recorded in their medical records by "writing behavior".
Rosenhanen's research strongly reveals the danger of diagnostic labels-labeling effect: once a medical staff believes that a person has schizophrenia, all his behavior and behavior will be regarded as abnormal. In fact, sometimes the "patient" has no problem, but the problem is the "doctor"'s vision and judgment. The pedagogical significance of this psychology experiment is: when a child is labeled "bad boy", "poor student", "dumb" and other labels that meet a certain psychological condition, that label will cover up all his other qualities, even advantage. No matter what the child does, the teachers and parents think that the child is "bad", "bad" and "benzene". People's discriminatory vision and attitude will force children's psychology and behavior to deflect in the direction indicated by people's prejudice-the label. In this case, if our “label” attitude towards children is not changed in time, the worst result will happen: our negative views (or negative expectations) towards children can become children’s self-determination, leading to a A child who may not be bad or bad at the beginning will really become a "bad" or "bad" child.
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